Berawan death practices

Death is not only a physical process, but a social and spiritual paradigm infused by a culture's specific ‘beliefs, emotions and activities which give it its distinctive character' (Hertz 1907, p. 197). Facing another culture's beliefs around death can be confronting, often creating ethnocentric reactions and cultural misconceptions. Comparing American and Aberrant death practices highlights how these rites, and the spiritual beliefs underlying them, can appear horrifying when viewed only from the observer's own cultural paradigm.Anthropologist Peter A. Metcalf observed the practices of the Aberrant tribe, found along Borer's north-central waterways, including the tribe's four-stage funeral rites (Metcalf 1993, p. 325). The first stage lasts two to ten days and includes ‘rites performed immediately after death' (Metcalf 1993, p. 325). The second stage, eight months to several years In duration (Metcalf 1993, p. 325), sees the corpse stored on a platform or in the communal residence with the remains contained in a coffin, earthenware Jar or similar vessel (Metcalf 1993, p. 5). During this period the corpse decomposes, allowing the soul's transformation to ‘perfect spirit' (Metcalf 1993, p. 326). However during this period the soul lurks close by, restless and uneasy, spreading the risk of Illness to the living and the possibility of corpse reanimation by an evil spirit (Metcalf 1993, p. 326). During the third stage, which Hertz referred to as the great feast' (Metcalf 1993, p. 326), the remains are brought into the residence and guests celebrate the deceased for six to ten days (Metcalf 1993, p. 325).The bones ay be removed and cleaned in preparation for the fourth stage – the decease's final burial wherein the physical remains are housed in a receptacle of value, such as a glazed Jar or wooden coffin, with that receptacle accommodated in a large mausoleum; safe in the knowledge the soul had transcended (Metcalf 1993, p. 325). American f uneral practices, by contrast, alma to preserve the body appearance (Hertz 1907, p. 201); embalming fluids replace bodily fluids, Injections fatten gaunt corpses, cosmetics enhance skin color, padded coffins give Impressions of a peaceful, endless slumber (Metcalf 1 993, p. 27). The American death,'afterlife transition is perceived as immediate, with little time between death and spiritual judgment (Hertz 1907, p. 197). In contrast, the Brawn's soul must await the body decomposition – and transformation – before beginning its journey to the afterlife (Hertz 1907, p. 202). Only when dry bones remain, is the soul ready (Metcalf 1993, p. 326). American practices offer horrifying outcomes for the Aberrant exemplar.For a body not given appropriate time for full decomposition and a premature final burial, ‘death ill not be fully consummated, the soul will not leave the earth, the mourning of the living will not be ended' (Hertz 1907, p. 204). The American rites suspend the deceased In a limbo between life and death – the period the soul Is most discontent, still with great capacity to affect the living through illness. During this time potential America is a land carpeted with potential zombies', all awaiting reanimation via the evil spirits that exist in Aberrant culture (Metcalf 1993, p. 26). With such a spiritual intent it can be understood why Aberrant are horrified by their belief the American culture traps a soul at the point of greatest unhappiness, dooming them to restlessly wander eternally; the dead never finding peace and the living never progressing past grief and mourning. The Aberrant-American comparison demonstrates that to fully comprehend a culture's significant, spiritual customs one must first seek to understand the social, spiritual and cultural paradigms surrounding those customs.

Assess the Advantages of Judicial Precedent Essay

The first advantage of judicial precedent is certainty; this means the lawyers are able to predict the outcome of the case due to Judges following the same rules and the same Ratios this is a good thing as it means Lawyers could prepare clients for the worse or the best to the best of their ability, and this could save time and money as well. Sir Rupert Cross-Doctrine of precedent has a particular emphasis on rigidity and certainty. Another advantage is flexibility; the law is able to develop in ways that reflect social and technological circumstances and does not have to wait for the permission from Parliament, it also allows the common law system to respond to new situations like in Mcloughlin O’Brien’s case where the Supreme Court extended the law on nervous shock to cover new situations within the case. Consistency, this means that similar cases are dealt with in the same way, and this makes the law fair and credible and makes our legal system respected in other cou ntries. Another would be its real and reals with real life situations, case laws deal with situations that arise in practice – real facts in real situations – unlike statues and if an unforeseen situation arises, judges can refer to existing precedents and adapt the law to meet the new situation. Another advantage would be Original precedents, this allows for new or original precedents to be created and this occurs when there is no previous decision on the matter or case and this therefore means an original precedent therefore makes legal provision on a matter for which there was no previously no. In Gillick V West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority the House of Lords had to decide whether or not girls under 16 could be prescribed contraceptives without parental consent. This matter had not arisen before the courts before, and parliament had provided no guidance.

Analysis Of The Book Adventures Of Wonderland

THE FAILER ADVENTURE The simple fact to explore unknown regions can give us more knowledge and background of places and people than we can find in books or movies. However, we need to be open to the idea of getting out of our comfort zone in order to experience something new. The story about the City Mouse and the suburban Mouse, who has a totally different lifestyle, and who also has a distinct personality managed to stay friends. The City Mouse lost his opportunity to enjoy a peaceful time because†¦ Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland; Analytical Essay Any story of literary merit must have some sort of lasting appeal that allows it to ascend the generations and appeal to a wide variety of cultures, and Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a fine example. It was undoubtedly both a popular and significant tale when it was first orally told and then written down, and is surely one that is applicable to modern society. Throughout the story, I noticed three main themes that Lewis Carroll appears†¦ is a pin prick of light, which is progressively getting bigger as he tumbles farther up. Wonderland is in shambles, the Queen of Hearts destructing all happiness in her wake. The Snow Queen was living prosperously before the Queen of Hearts overthrew her. The only person who has ever been able to save Wonderland is Alice. Alice has not been around for at least 2 decades, but she is the only hope for Wonderland, and the Hatter has gone on a search to find her. He’s the only one able to leave (The Rabbit†¦ The book Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll evokes many intriguing thoughts in the reader’s mind, delving into themes such as the loss of childhood innocence, dreams, death, and discouragement in life. Alice’s journey through a dream world begins when she follows a white rabbit she has spotted and ends up falling down the rabbit hole. Here, Alice discovers she has entered an ambiance divergent from her own- a world of the Mad Hatter and Cheshire Cat, and bottles and treats that beckon†¦ Meta: Alice is a character whose abstract nature has insured her immortality. Alice’s Wonderland brings the classic tale to the reels; will you peer through the looking glass? Alice’s Wonderland Review Pretty much everybody is familiar with the famous book Alice in Wonderland. Lewis Carroll’s seminary work has been a feature of pop culture for virtually the entire duration of its existence, spawning a whole franchise as well as a famous Disney movie. Naturally the creators at 888 Slots saw a way†¦ Mark Twain 's masterpiece is his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the whole book is planned and has meaning. It 's a story of life, relationships, racism and a boy who just wants to be free. Very few books in history have been as influential or as controversial. Twain 's use of symbolism, satire, character development, writing style and themes, ultimately create a story that cannot be forgotten, even in the 21st century. The effects of the book have its hold over society. In Sanford Pinkser†¦ Oxford Carroll became very fond of the deans daughter, Alice Liddell. Alice Liddell is seen as Carroll’s muse for his story Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. In this story, Alice falls asleep and dreams of many adventures in a place called Wonderland. While she is there, Alice is faced with many challenges and questions everything in this queer world. On her adventures, Alice is continuously asked who she is. Eventually she cannot answer this question because she does not remember. This shows the†¦ Alice asks herself this shortly after entering Wonderland, although this line would not be at all out of place in any adolescent’s head (Carroll 15). Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland is a novel that deals heavily with many aspects of identity, including finding and growing an identity as a child. Alice goes through many trials in the novel, and readers watch her change and adapt to get through all of these. Disney’s 1951 adaptation Alice in Wonderland has Alice go through many of these same challenges†¦ Symbolism of a Journey in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and The Christmas Carol Journey can have many different interpretations based upon the vast variety of people whom interpret it. Some examples of how Journey may be interpreted are some consider journey as a distance they travel or a journey can possess important influence that changes their philosophy of life. Through authors writing they show different aspects of journey. In Lewis Carrol’s "Alice in Wonderland" and Charles Dickens’ "A Christmas†¦ Meta: It stands as literary masterpiece, with it now making its long awaited debut within the world of online slots. Alice in Wonderland is the latest creation from OpenBet, but does it pay notable homage? Alice in Wonderland Review Are you ready to enter a fantasy world? Well, Alice wasn’t when she first visited Wonderland, but it didn’t stop her experience the adventure that awaited her. Her time in this fantasy landed ended up being one of the most memorable moments in literally history, and†¦

Review of George Orwells Homage to Catalonia Essay

Review of George Orwells Homage to Catalonia - Essay Example I could not help thinking that it would be even luckier not to be shot at all"i. These revelations remained with Blair for the rest of his life. These are the origins of Homage to Catalonia, and a later article called "Looking back on the Spanish War", in which a clear description of Orwell's "Here, we are, soldiers of a revolutionary army, defending Democracy against Fascism, fighting a war which is about something, and the detail of our lives is just as sordid and degrading as it could be in prison"ii. He also felt that he needed to write a story which told the tale of the war from the perspective of a soldier, not a journalist: "Throughout the fighting, I never made the correct 'analysis' of the situation that was so glibly made by journalists hundreds of miles away."iii. Orwell clearly despises this kind of journalism which distanced itself from the events. In fact, he had gone to Catalonia with the intention of writing a serious of articles about it, but quickly changed his mind: "I had come to Spain with some notion of writing newspaper articles, but had joined the militia almost immediately, because at that time and i n that atmosphere it seemed the only conceivable thing to do"iv. Or Orwell begins Homage to Catalonia, not with an account of the political events, or even to his decision to join the army, but with an account of meeting another foreigner fighting on the Communists' side: "It was the face of a man who could commit murder and throw away his life for a friend - the king of face you would expect in an Anarchist, though as likely as not he was a communist"v. He emphasizes how this was clear in his personal memory because of its intimate connection with "That period of the war - the red flags in Barcelona, the gaunt trains full of shabby soldiers creeping to the front, the grey war-stricken towns farther up the line, the muddy, ice-cold trenches in the mountains"vi. This launches the chapter into a very descriptive narrative of the Scene in Catalonia when Orwell/Blair signed up to the army. Much of it these passages read like 'scene setting' in a novel: churches are being demolished, shops and even bootblacks are collectivized, and everyone calls each oth er 'comrade', and says 'hello' instead of 'good day', a communist paradise: "I believed that things were as they appeared, that this was really a workers State, and that the entire bourgeoisie hadfledI did not realize that great numbers of well-to-dowere simply lying low".vii. Despite of this positive image of the town, where people are free, Orwell is careful to remind us that this is a nation in conflict: "There was something of the evil atmosphere of war. The town had a gaunt untidy look, roads and buildings were in poor repairthere was a shortage of coal, sugar and petrol, and a really serious shortage of bread"viii. He also underlines that many of those fighting in the war were civilian militias, poorly trained and idealistic, rather than like an army; even the clothes were unlike an organized army: "Everyone's clothes followed the same general plan, but they were never quite the same in any two cases"ix. The second chapter

Total quality management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Total quality management - Research Paper Example The various marketing challenges have led to the emergence of the Total Quality Management (TQM), which lays emphasis on the fast and timely supply and delivery of goods. TQM is instrumental in improving the productivity of the organization since the evolvement of the concept. TQM approach helps in improving the quality of services and goods on a continuous basis, which involves participation of individuals at every level and phase of organization. This concept also helps in the integration of activities which constitutes of various managerial systems and is the prime determinants of the sustainable competitive advantage. Being one of the leading beverages of the world, Coca Cola believes in creating long term value and training the employees in such a way that they understand the changing market trends and forces which will shape the company’s future. ... The study will also highlight the operational procedures and the management systems of the company. The study will give an insight into the various TQM practices of Coca Cola regarding the production of goods and services. Finally, the study will conclude with recommendations for the improvement in Coca Cola’s process measurement and management systems. Background of the Company: Coca Cola Ltd Coca Cola is regarded as one of the leading beverage corporations of the world which is headquartered in Georgia. The company specializes in manufacturing carbonated beverages throughout the countries worldwide Except Cuba and North Korea. The carbonated cola beverages was initially formed by John Pemberton in the year 1884 and by the year 1886 the company sold 3 version of carbonated cola drinks to various business individual units. The main objective of the company was to lay emphasis on the needs and requirements of the customers and provide a congenial work atmosphere. Presently, the company offers more than 3500 products in more than 200 countries worldwide (Coca Cola, 2013a).The company tries innovative and unique methods to develop core products which suit the taste bud of the customers and also cater to their needs. Presently, the company manufactures carbonated beverages in varied flavors, juices, energy drinks and juices. Organizational Strategies The marketing strategy of the company includes the manufacturing of carbonated beverages and satisfies the customer needs and requirements. One of the major objectives of the company is to understand the customer needs. Understanding the customer requirements is essential in developing the products as per the customer

Reading Assignment #3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading #3 - Assignment Example mation may be in the form of several ways, and people may not be aware such as kindness and offering comfort to a relative of the dying person (Hawkins, n.d ). Transformation is therefore by those who are very close to the dying person or their relatives, and it is necessary to give it out when desired. Transformation can occur to the person trying to provide care and compassion rather that the one suffering especially when one opens his/her heart to those that are in the greatest need for comfort. Humans have the mandate to provide the quality care that can transform the worst moments into tolerable ones or make a person accept a loss. In addition, suffering can be turned into peace through transformation. The case of the Pope John Paul II was a form of transformation as during his last moments his caregivers and health providers kept the rest of the world hoping that the Pope would recover. In fact, they gave him the best care and attended to every change in his health trying to keep him alive. They never reported that the Pope was dying yet his condition was very serious. When he finally did all tests to confirm death starting with the medieval and the modern medicine through an electrocardiogram were carried out. The Pope’s medical team could have informed the world that the Pope was dying instead of describing his conditions with such words as serious, grave, or

Monachy of the Middle ages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Monachy of the Middle ages - Essay Example At this point leadership followed the Roman standard of having an Emperor, who took power through being named as successor or through overthrowing the previous successor. At the start of the early middle ages, Justinian I (who ruled from 527-565) was able to restore some of the western territories to the empire, however most remained under Germanic control. The Macedonian dynasty rose to power in 867, cementing the influence of what remained of the Roman Empire1. Those in the West were considered to be barbarians, and any advances that they made were scorned or ignored. The Germanic monarchy in the West was formed from the leaders of tribes and this was often known as the Barbaric Monarchy. Unlike in the East, there was no single leader; instead there were multiple kings, each of whom had to follow three functions. These were: to act as a leader at the time of warfare, as a judge during assemblies and as a priest when sacrifice was needed. Unlike the system in Eastern Europe, under G ermanic monarchy, all sons had equal right to rule. This often resulted in co-rulership of the tribes. Under Germanic monarchy, there were three levels, similar to the class system present in the Roman Empire; these were the king, the nobility and the free man2. The Late Middle Ages (c. 1300-1500 CE) were differentiated by a strong advancement in the level of knowledge and cultural attainment that were obtained. In addition, towns were becoming established as self-sustaining entities that were distinct from one another. Social unrest was prevalent with much of the population being lost through plagues and famines. The influence of monarchs and ruling powers over their citizens was substantially decreased as the consequent of the development of state laws3. These laws were designed to ease the growing civil unrest by providing civilians with reassurance, and by the creation of a system that was distinct from the whims and desires of the monarch. Nevertheless, the monarch remained the predominant power within the Late Middle Ages, determining which laws were established and which were not. Consequently, the Late Middle Ages differed from the Early Middle Ages through the development of more consolidated monarchies and increases in the rights of citizens. The creation of state laws allowed for the application of justice that was relevant to the case in question. Part Two: The Role of Religion on Western Civilization Religious activities have had a significant impact on the formation and development of the Western civilization between the years of 1050 and 1690 CE. One source of this influence was the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church was not the only strong religious influence of the Middle Ages, another was Judaism and Christianity in general as well as the Protestant religion. In 1054, an event known as the East-West Schism saw the division of the roman church into two divisions, the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church. This was the first developme nt of the Catholic Church as its own entity. The Catholic Church exerted powerful influence on the lives of citizens determining many of the ways in which they interacted and what they could and could not do. An example of this is contraception. Contraception was considered immoral under the Catholic religion, and consequently no member was allowed to use any method of birth control. The result was

Business Plan Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Plan Evaluation - Essay Example Cash flow would enable the business to determine the amount of money needed to keep the business going. To strengthen the weakest link identified, methods of control should be integrated in the business plan. For example, there should be a policy control that allocated expenditures should not go over beyond 5% of the budget. Income statement should also be included as well as the initial capital outlay so the business would know how much it would compensate before it consider itself profitable. These solutions are chosen because they would strengthen the business plan and achieve the best possible outcome. They are critical for the success of the business and ensure that results would go as plan as stated in the business plan. For example, instituting control avoid costs to overshoot could make the business inefficient and less competitive if neglected. Incorporating more financial statements such as project Income Statement would enable the company to determine if its performance is consistent to the business plan or if it is underperforming. Cash flow is critical for start-up businesses such Loco Loco Dance Club because it prevents the operation of the business to run out of cash which could make stop its

Modern Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Modern Theatre - Essay Example By the same token, evolutionist historians have also privileged those plays which most nearly conform to this overarching narrative about the demise f melodrama and the all-conquering triumph f realism. Tom Robertson's cup-and-saucer dramas and the cordial 'goodheartedness' (Jenkins 1991) f Arthur Wing Pinero's farcical protagonists, for example, represent two important staging posts on this Whiggish journey. In passing, it's interesting to note an unacknowledged separation f theatrical spheres in these arguments. Although it is women who are usually portrayed as the heroes f managerial reform, slowly transforming dirty, communal playhouses into elegant, comfortable, quasidomestic arenas, the credit for dramatic reform has invariably been attributed to male playwrights. Several consequences arise from this evolutionist history. First, the 'rise f realism' thesis portrays the theatre f the late 1880s and 1890s as a beacon f dramatic light, at the end f the dark tunnel f institutional decadence and theatrical unrespectability. Not only does this entail a strategic and rather narrow selection f the theatrical record, but, at least as importantly, fin-de-siecle drama and theatrical institutions have acquired the status f self-fulfilling prophecies. In other words, the theatre f the 1890s tends to be valued in direct proportion to its difference from -- and satirical critiques of-Victorian drama rather than in terms f its intricate and complex relationships to earlier conventions and dramatic traditions. Michael Baker's The Rise f the Victorian Actor (1978) and Anthony Jenkins' history, The Making f Victorian Drama (1991) are two influential and distinguished examples f this evolutionist approach. Baker's work traces the gradual emergence f acting as a profession in the nineteenth century. In general, he writes, 'the actor f 1830 was a social and artistic outcast and the theatre an outlawed sector f private enterprise'; (Baker 1978) by the 1880s, however, the actor had finally 'arrived' in Victorian society. The rise f journalism and the new status f the man f letters contributed to the creation f new middlebrow audiences, whilst the emergence f a mass market leisure industry helped to provide a solid framework for the gentrification f the acting profession. For Anthony Jenkins, Victorian theatre can be construed in terms f the eventual liberation f drama from the tyranny f a popular, unthinking public. 'The attempt to rescue British Drama from the theatre's rowdy spectacle', he declares at the opening f his first chapter (pointedly entitled, 'Breaking through the darkness'), 'began a few months before Princess Victoria became Queen'. In Victoria's reign, Jenkins locates the gradual emergence f a 'serious' drama whose genealogy can be traced in the plays f Edward Bulwer Lytton, Tom Robertson, William Gilbert, and Henry Arthur Jones; its apex is represented by George Bernard Shaw's final conversion f the Victorian theatre's 'sideshow' into a momentous 'sacred

Business finance and legal service coursework(writing a report ) Essay

Business finance and legal service coursework(writing a report ) - Essay Example One of the eminent brands of the company is IRN-BRU which the company wished to develop for more than 100 years. The other well known brands in soft drinks launched by the company include Red Kola, Tizer, Simply juice drinks, KA, DNB, Rubycon, Strathmore etc (A.G.Barr Plc, 2013, p.1). A G Barr is a franchisee partner of Schweppes International Ltd. where the company is involved in a partnership of production and sale of soft drinks. Rockstar Inc. of USA is another partner of A G Barr. The Rockstar drinks are sold in the UK market through distribution channels of A G Barr. The volume of sales of soft drinks as well as revenues from the sales of its brands has increased over the years. The company sells twelve cans of 330 ml capacity of IRN-BRU per second in the Scottish markets. For its operations, A G Barr has invested over ?50 million for the production and distribution of soft drinks in Cumbernauld. The company produced over 180 million litres of soft drinks in this site. This oper ation unit of A G Barr is able to manufacture 690 million cans per year. The Industry The company under consideration operates in the soft drinks market of UK. The soft drinks industry can be categorised into three segments. The three segments are take-home segments, the impulse segment and the premise segment. The take-home segment distributes soft drinks through the retail groceries, the impulse segment is the outlet shops in order to satisfy impulsive demands, the premise segment comprises the clubs, hotels, restaurants, etc. The soft drinks industry is governed by the British Soft Drinks Association which protects the interests of the soft drinks manufacturer and distributors by communicating with the government and the media and also promoting a competitive and sustainable environment for the soft drinks industry. The various categories of soft drinks are carbonated soft drinks, still and juice drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, water, etc. The competitors of A G Barr in the soft drinks industry include Pepsi Co. Inc, Coca Cola Company, etc. Strategy and Assessment The assessment and strategies of A G Barr is based upon the two forms of analysis, namely the SWOT Analysis and the Balance Score Card Analysis. The SWOT analysis highlights the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of A G Barr. The balanced scorecard analysis categorises the operational targets of the company from the perspective of financial growth, customer growth, quality of products and services and determine actual values to compare with the set targets. SWOT analysis The SWOT analysis for A G Barr has been given below in the form of a chart. Â   Internal External Positive Strength Opportunities 1. The IRN BRU brand of soft drinks has been voted as the best brand of A G Barr and also holds a Guinness record for the largest can of soft drinks. 1. The suppliers of A G Barr have lesser bargaining power due to the availability of substitute product for sugar and substitute for pac kaging. 2. The company has a large market share and the operations are diversified with the help of several brands in different markets. 2. A G Barr can leverage on its strong brand to expand its operations in the emerging markets of the world like Latin America, Asia, etc. Negative Weaknesses Threats 1. The buyers of the soft drinks of A G Barr have a higher bargaining power due to the availability of several brands of soft drinks in the market. 1. There exists a fierce

The Kinship System of the Australian Aborigines Essay Example for Free

The Kinship System of the Australian Aborigines Essay In the following paper I will be discussing the kinship of the Australian Aborigines. I will be discussing how this culture impacts the way they behave such as how the act and live. I will also be comparing this behavior to that of my life. I hope that you find this paper to be interesting as well as informative. I will start out by giving a little background on the Australian Aborigines. They are a group of several hundred Indigenous people that reside in Australia. They have existed before the British annexation of Australia in 1788, before that the number of people was over four hundred. In many cases the people or groups will talk about their â€Å"people† and their â€Å"country†. The countries are ethnographic areas. In many cases each country had extended families that lived in them. It was common to have cousins that marry. I would now like to talk about how the Aborigines dress. In many cases by early settlers they were observed to be naked. Some of the tribes had men and women that wore a belt around their waste that was used to carry tools and weapons. This belt was made of animal hair, animal fur, skin or fiber. Before the colonization of the Europeans it was just a simple flap in the front but, after they had to modify it. In the winter months the Aboriginal people made cloaks to keep warm. Next I would like to talk about their language. There were somewhere between 200 to 250 different Aboriginal languages spoken. Now there are fewer than 200 that still remain and all but 20 are considered to be endangered. In 1888 the language was proof that it was necessary to refer to the Aboriginal names and locations throughout the colonies. There are actually some Aboriginal words that are still used today. Next I will talk about the diet of the Aboriginal people. They will hunt or fish for their meat, gather fruits, berries, eggs, plants and insects as well. Some of the meats that they eat are kangaroos, wallabies, echidnas and possums as well as some reptiles and birds. When hunting they would use spears and boomerangs to catch and kill their food. The women were normally responsible for picking the berries as well as caring for the younger children. These are just a few things that the Aboriginal people did and still do today. I will now be talking about their society compares to my own. I do not think that it compares to my society very much. Some of the things that they do are similar to my society in the respect of hunting. I come from a family of people that enjoy hunting for a source of food. Many times these family members will share the food with other family if they are unable to hunt for one reason or another. My family also likes to fish which is another way that we are similar. The ways that their society differs from mine is that we do not believe in marring within our family. In many families though out the United States this is seen as incest and is punishable by law. The other way that we are not similar is that we wear a full body of clothes and always have. I have had the chance to meet some Aboriginal people through the work that my mother used to do. I enjoyed hearing stories of how their ancestors did things and how some of these things have changed throughout time. They still practice the hunting as well as the gathering of their food but, many times can be found wearing clothing. In conclusion I hope that you have found this paper informational as well as informative. I have talked about their diet, how they live as well as I touched on their marring practices. I also have told you why I think that their society is close to my own as well as how it is different from my own. References Anonymous. (n. d. ). Australian aborigines- indigenous Australians. http://www. crystalinks. com/aboriginals. html Nowak, B. , Laird, P. (2010). Cultural Anthropology. San Diego, Bridgepoint Education, Inc. https://content. ashford. edu.

Essay about Aristotle Essay Example for Free

Essay about Aristotle Essay Aristotle Life Aristotle was born in the year 384 B. C in Stagira, Greece. Aristotle’s father was a court physician to a Macedonian king. Aristotle would the Macedonian influence for the rest of his life and will keep strong connections the Macedonian court. When Aristotle was 17 he was sent to Athens for a better education where he then attended Plato’s Academy, the finest school in Athens. Aristotle created a very close relationship with Plato and his academy. Aristotle did not take over Plato’s position because of the Aristotle felt differently about some of Plato’s statements about philosophy (Kenny, 2012). In 338 B. C Aristotle returned home to Macedonia to start teaching the young Alexander the Great. After Alexander had conquered Greece in 335 B. C Aristotle returned to Athens, and with Alexander’s permission Aristotle began his own school, the school was called â€Å"Lyceum†. In the same year that the school was opened Aristotle’s wife had passed away (Kenny, 2012). In 323 B.C Alexander The Great suddenly passed away and the Macedonian government was overthrown, and Aristotle was charged with impiety. Aristotle ran away to avoid execution he fled to Chalcis where he spent the rest of his life to die (Kenny, 2012). Motivation To Pursue Science Aristotle was born into the world of science, beginning with medicine. His father was a highly respected court physician. Aristotle was raised with science being a huge part of his life. Aristotle also attended one of the most prestigious schools in Greece. At the Lyceum Aristotle was exposed to a large amount of diverse subjects (Unknown, 2012). This is when Aristotle could have learned small amounts of each topic. Aristotle grew up in a Macedonian empire where he was surrounded by science, and this intrigued him and started his interest in studying natural sciences (Unknown, 2012). Aristotle was a very important figure to many different subjects, and made a contribution to many fields such as philosophy, astronomy, and logic. Contributions To The World Of Science. Aristotle gave influence to a variety of different topics and had a huge impact on the world of science through many different theories and views. Many people regarded Aristotle very highly and respected him just as must. Aristotle formed very important laws of motion, these laws are foundational in the subjects physics and astronomy. This law states that; heavier things fall faster and the speed of something falling depends on what it is falling through (Fowler, 2008). These play an important role because they are crucial variables in physics. These are also basic rules in the world of astronomy and understanding gravity. One of the most important things that came from Aristotle was Aristotle’s Method. This is a method used to investigate a topic. This is now the main format that research pages use. The method has only three steps; defining the subject, considering the difficulties involved by reviewing the generally accepted views on the subject and finally, presenting your arguments and proof of the matter (Fowler, 2012). This method has been used throughout centuries for researchers as guidelines for researchers to write their papers. Finally, the last contribution being discussed is Aristotle’s Causes. Aristotle believed in nature that animals and plants had four main causes; matter, form, moving cause, and final cause. For example, an author used an example of a table, the matter is wood, the form is the shape of the table, the moving cause is the fabricator of the table, and the final cause is the reason for the production of the table (Fowler, 2012). The purpose of this â€Å"experiment† was to view the progression of an animal, or object and to see the subject in its final stage. A final note, Aristotle also convinced the scientific community that the world was geocentric, that the world was at the middle of the universe and that stars and the other plants circled perfectly around the Earth. In conclusion, Aristotle was the chosen topic of this essay because he always has a part of each topic in the class. I never learned anything about Aristotle up until this point. Aristotle influenced an entire nation and the whole world of science. Aristotle had major inputs on many different sciences, including astronomy, physics, biology, and logic. Aristotle proved to be an interesting subject to research. Aristotle was the kind of person that’s opinions and views never changed, Aristotle was so involved with his science that he was sought out by government to be killed. It was interesting that Aristotle had an impact on the amount of sciences that he did. References Kenny, A. K. (2012). bio.. Retrieved November 12, 2012 from http://www. biography. com/people/aristotle-9188415? page=1 Unknown. (2012, January 16). Gradesaver. Retrieved November 13, 2013 from http://www. gradesaver. com/author/aristotle/ Fowler, M. (2008, September 03). U. va. physics. Retrieved November 14, 2012 from http://galileoandeinstein. physics. virginia. edu/lectures/aristot2. html Johnson, V. (2009, May 28). Early astronomers: Ptolemy, aristotle, copernicus, and galileo. Retrieved November 14, 2012 from http://kids. librarypoint. org/node/2280/.

An Introduction To Welding

An Introduction To Welding Welding can be defined as a permanent joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler metal [8]. Ibrahim [10] defined welding as a process of permanent joining two materials usually metals through localised coalescence resulting from suitable combination of temperature, pressure and metallurgical conditions. Most welding processes use heat to join parts together and the equipment used to generate the required varies, depending on the welding process. Welding is used extensively for the manufacture and repair of farm equipment, construction of boilers, mining and refinery equipment, furnaces and railway cars. In addition, construction of bridges and ships also commonly requires welding. The application of welding process depends on the requirements of the weld, accessibility of the weld area, economic considerations and available welding equipment [9]. The strength and the integrity of a weld depend on the material properties of the metal being welded, as well as on a great many other factors. These factors include the shape of the weld, temperature of the heat sources, the amount of heat produced by the source and even the type of power source used. Overview of Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) In recent years, pressure to increase productivity and reduce costs by the manufacturers has been the main driving force behind the adoption of flux cored wires. Productivity, quality and ease of use are the three main factors on which the increasing popularity of FCAW. FCAW is an arc welding process that uses an arc between a continuous filler metal electrode and the weld pool [8]. The flux is used as a protection for molten metal from the atmosphere contaminations during welding operation. It will improve strength through chemical reactions and produce excellent weld shape. FCAW is very similar to GMAW in principle of operation and equipment used. In FCAW, weld metal is transferred as in GMAW globular or spray transfer. However, FCAW can achieve greater weld metal deposition and deeper penetration than GMAW short circuiting transfer [9]. The effects of electrode extension, nozzle angle, welding directions, welding speed and other welding manipulations are similar as GMAW. The FCAW are welding process introduced in early 1950s with the development of an electrode that contained a core of flux material. However, an external shielding gas was required even with the flux cored electrode. After that, the flux cored electrode that did not require an external shielding gas was developed in 1959. Shielding gas is important in FCAW-G process for increased penetration and filler metal deposition [9]. FCAW can be applied automatically or semi-automatic. Most FCAW process is semi-automatic, which is the wire feeder continuously feeds the electrode wire and the welder must manually positions the torch into the weld. However, it can transform to fully automatically with a computer driven robot manipulating the torch along a preset path. FCAW is widely used for welding large sections and with materials of great thicknesses and lengths, especially in the flat position. FCAW actually comprises two welding processes. The two variations for applying FCAW are self-shielded flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) and gas-shielded flux cored arc welding (FCAW-G). The difference in the two is due to different fluxing agents in the consumables, which provide different benefits to the user. FCAW-S is a variation of FCAW in which the shielding gas is provided solely by the flux material within the electrode. The heat of the welding arc causes the flux to melt, creating a gaseous shield around the arc and weld pool. FCAW-S is also called Innershield and it is a flux cored arc welding process developed by Lincoln Electric Manufacturing Company [9]. On the other hand, shielding in FCAW-G is obtained from both the CO2 gas flowing from the gas nozzle and from the flux core of the electrode. FCAW-G is widely performed in flat and horizontal position. However, FCAW-G also can be performed for vertical and overhead position by using small diameter electrodes. C:UserssahaDesktopfcaws.png Figure 2.1: Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW-S). [11] C:UserssahaDesktopfcawS.png Figure 2.2: Gas-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW-G). [11] FCAW requires more electrode extension than GMAW. It is because electrode extension will affect the vapour-forming ingredients to generate enough arc vapour for adequate shielding [11]. Inadequate arc vapour will cause porosity in the weld. Besides that, the deposition rates and current density in FCAW are also higher than GMAW. The increased current density occurs due flux cored electrodes are tubular rather than solid, and the flux core has less density and current-carrying capacity than metal [11]. FCAW has a wide range of applications in industry. FCAW combines the production efficiency of GMAW and the penetration and deposition rates of SMAW. FCAW also has the ability to weld metals as thin as that used in vehicle bodies and as thick as heavy structural members of high rise buildings. The most common application of FCAW is in structural fabrication. High deposition rates achieved in single pass make FCAW more popular in the railroad, shipbuilding and automotive industries. Advantages of FCAW FCAW has many advantages over the manual shielded metal arc welding. It is more flexible and acceptable in varies industry compared to other welding operation such as gas metal arc welding, submerged arc welding and oxyacetylene welding. These advantages of FCAW [9, 10] are as follows: High quality weld metal deposit Produces smooth and uniform beads with an excellent weld appearance Produce less distortion than SMAW Welds a variety of steels over a wide thickness range High operating factor High deposition rate with high current density Economical engineering joint design Limitations of FCAW The limitations of FCAW regarding its applicability [12] are as follows: Confined to ferrous metals which is primary steels Removal of post weld slag requires another production step Electrode wire is more expensive on a weight basis than solid electrode wires Equipment is more expensive and complex than required for SMAW Ventilation system need to be increased to handle added volume of smoke and fume Robotic Welding Technology Nowadays, most of welding processes could be done in automated applications. With these automated applications, the welding process then called as robotic welding. Robot welding is the use of mechanized programmable tools, which completely automate a welding process by both performing the weld and handling the part. Robot welding is a relatively new application of robotics, even though robots were first introduced into US industry during the 1960s. The use of robots in welding did not take off until the 1980s, when the automotive industry began using robots extensively for spot welding. Since then, both the number of robots used in industry and the number of their applications has grown greatly. Cary and Helzer suggest that, as of 2005, more than 120,000 robots are used in North American industry, about half of them pertaining to welding. Growth is primarily limited by high equipment costs, and the resulting restriction to high-production applications. Robot arc welding has begun growing quickly just recently, and already it commands about 20% of industrial robot applications.[3] Major components of robotic welding The main components of arc welding robots are the manipulator or the mechanical unit and the controller, which acts as the robots brain. The manipulator is what makes the robot move, and the design of these systems can be categorized into several common types, such as the SCARA robot and Cartesian coordinate robot, which use different coordinate systems to direct the arms of the machine. It consists of a vertical mast and a horizontal boom that carries the welding head. They are sometimes referred to as boom and mast or column and boom positioners. Manipulators are specified by two dimensions: The maximum height under the arc from the floor. Maximum reach of the arc from the mast. The length of travel can be unlimited thus the same welding manipulator can be used for different weldment by moving from one workstation to another. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/content_images/fig/0490350503015.png In selecting and specifying a welding manipulator, it is important to determine the weight to be carried on the end of the boom and how much deflection can be allowed. The welding torch should move smoothly at travel speed rates compatible with the welding process. The manipulator carriage must also move smoothly at the same speed. Manipulators can be used for straight-line, longitudinal and transverse welds and for circular welds when a rotating device is used. As the diagram below shows, axis 1 and 2 are effectively a shoulder, axis 3 and 4 elbow and forearm and axis 5 and 6 are the wrist of the robot. Advantages of robotic welding Improve consistency of quality welds Difference with manual welding process, robotic welding can produces a consistently high quality of finished product, since there is no risk of tiredness, distraction or other effects from manually performing tedious and repetitive task. Once programmed correctly, robots will give precisely the same welds every time on work pieces of the same dimensions and specifications. Greater cycle speed Beside of above repeat ably, robotic welding systems also produce greater cycle speed as robots move from one weld to the next very quickly, making the entire process much faster. Robotic welding systems are able to operate continuously, provided appropriate maintenance procedures are adhered to. Continuous production line interruptions can be minimized with proper robotic system design. Repeatability Robot welding system may perform more repeat ably than a manual welder because of the monotony of the task. Robots work well for repetitive tasks or similar pieces that involve welds in more than one axis or where access to the pieces is difficult. Increase production output rates With robot welding you can also get an increased output with robots left running overnight and during weekends with little supervision. Robots also produce effectively because they can work inexhaustibly and consistently. As a result, output levels increase and client order deadlines can be met more easily. Safer workplace Comply with safety rules and improve workplace health and safety, robots can take overrun pleasant, arduous or health threatening tasks, decreasing the likelihood of accidents caused by employee contact with potentially hazardous fumes machines or processes. Comfortably Employees no longer have to work in hot, dusty or hazardous environments, plus they can learn valuable programming skills and be freed up for other work. As the same time, this condition improves quality of work for employees and helps retain them and reduces turnover. Reduction of costs Labour costs with less manual labour, there will be fewer costs related to sickness, accidents and insurance. Operating costs Robots can reduce both direct costs and overheads, making a dramatic difference to competitiveness. Automating the torch motions decreases the error potential which means decreased scrap and rework. Waste material cost the amount of waste due to poor-quality or inconsistent finishing can be significantly reduced. Welding Position Welding must be done in the position in which the part will be used. In this project, the scope is to study and investigate the correlation between welding parameter and bead geometry in 2F position. 2F position indicates welding operation for fillet weld in horizontal position. According to the American Welding Society (AWS), horizontal fillet welding is the position in which welding is performed on the upper side of an approximately horizontal surface and against and approximately vertical surface [8]. C:UserssahaDesktop2f position.png Figure 2.3: Schematic diagram of horizontal welding 2F position. [8] The official AWS diagrams for welding positions are precise. They utilize the angle of the axis of the weld which is a line through the length of the weld perpendicular to the cross section at its center of gravity. Figure 2.4 shows the fillet weld and its limits of the various positions. It is necessary to consider the inclination of the axis of the weld as well as the rotation of the face of the fillet weld [8]. Welding current Welding current is the most influential variable in arc welding process which controls the electrode burn off rate, the depth of fusion and geometry of the weldments. Welding voltage This is the electrical potential difference between the tip of the welding wire and the surface of the molten weld pool. It determines the shape of the fusion zone and weld reinforcement. High welding voltage produces wider, flatter and less deeply penetrating welds than low welding voltages. Depth of penetration is maximum at optimum arc voltage. [15] Welding speed Speed of welding is defined as the rate of travel of the electrode along the seam or the rate of the travel of the work under the electrode along the seam. Increasing the speed of travel and maintaining constant arc voltage and current will reduce the width of bead and also increase penetration until an optimum speed is reached at which penetration will be maximum. [15] The correct weld speed will result in a well formed weld bead that shows good fusion, penetration and a gradual transition of weld metal into the corners of the joint. A weld speed that is too fast results in a thin stringy weld with poor strength. A weld bead that is too slow a speed will result in a heavy weld that has too much convexity. Increasing the speed beyond this optimum will result in decreasing penetration. [16] In the arc welding process, increase in welding speed causes: Decrease in the heat input per unit length of the weld. Decrease in the electrode burn off rate. Decrease in the weld reinforcement. If the welding speed decreases beyond a certain point, the penetration also will decrease due to the pressure of the large amount of weld pool beneath the electrode, which will cushion the arc penetrating force. [16]

Organizational Culture in Turkish :: Foreign Turkey Turkish Essays

Organizational Culture in Turkish Ãâ€"rgà ¼t kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼ ile ilgili à §alà ½Ãƒ ¾malarà ½n 1970’li yà ½llarda baà ¾ladà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½ ve 1980’lerde ise aà °Ãƒ ½rlà ½k kazandà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½ gà ¶rà ¼lmektedir . Bunun sebeplerinden ilki, à ¶rgà ¼tte à §eà ¾itli kà ¼ltà ¼rlerden gelen insanlarà ½n oluà ¾turduklarà ½ alt kà ¼ltà ¼rlerin birbirleri à ¼zerinde kurmak istedikleri iktidar mà ¼cadelelerinden kaynaklanan olumsuz à §atà ½Ãƒ ¾ma ortamà ½nà ½ engellemek ià §in bir à ¼st kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼n tanà ½mlanmasà ½na ihtiyaà § duyulmasà ½dà ½r. Bà ¶ylece à ¶rgà ¼te gelen à §alà ½Ãƒ ¾anlar kapà ½dan ià §eri girerken dà ½Ãƒ ¾arà ½dan getirdikleri kendi kà ¼ltà ¼rel kimlik ve deà °erlerini tà ½pkà ½ paltolarà ½nà ½ askà ½ya asar gibi dà ½Ãƒ ¾arà ½da bà ½rakacaklar ve ià ¾ à ¶nlà ¼klerini giyer gibi à ¶rgà ¼tà ¼n à ¼st kà ¼ltà ¼rel kimlià °ini takà ½nacaklardà ½r. à kincisi, 1970’li yà ½llardan itibaren Japonya’nà ½n, yà ¶netim ve ià ¾letmecilik alanà ½nda Amerika’nà ½n à ¼stà ¼nlà ¼Ãƒ °Ãƒ ¼nà ¼ kà ½rmaya baà ¾lamasà ½dà ½r. Bilindià °i à ¼zere, 1960’là ½ ve 1970’li yà ½llar arasà ½ Amerika’nà ½n dà ¼nya ekonomisinde yà ¶netim ve ià ¾letmecilik alnà ½nda à ¼stà ¼nlà ¼Ãƒ °Ãƒ ¼nà ¼n tartà ½Ãƒ ¾masà ½z kabul edildià °i bir dà ¶nem olma à ¶zellià °i taà ¾Ãƒ ½maktadà ½r. Oysaki II. Dà ¼nya Savaà ¾Ãƒ ½nà ½n hemen arkasà ½ndan Japon ià ¾letmelerinin birà §ok alanda Amerikan ià ¾letmelerinin à ¶nà ¼ne geà §mesi ve à ¼lkelerini ekonomik bir sà ¼per gà ¼Ãƒ § olmaya doà °ru gà ¶tà ¼rmeleri birà §ok araà ¾tà ½rmacà ½yà ½ bunun nedeni ile ilgilenmeye yà ¶neltmià ¾tir (Morgan, 1998). Bu ilgi à ¶rgà ¼t kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼ ile ilgili bir takà ½m kavramlarà ½n gelià ¾mesini saà °lamà ½Ãƒ ¾tà ½r. Bu à §alà ½Ãƒ ¾ma iki bà ¶là ¼mden oluà ¾maktadà ½r. Birinci bà ¶là ¼m Ãâ€"rgà ¼t Kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼ kavramà ½nà ½ atomize ederek baà ¾ta à ¶rgà ¼t ,ardà ½nda kà ¼ltà ¼r kavramlarà ½nà ½ ià ¾leyecek adà ½ndan ise bir bà ¼tà ¼n olarak Ãâ€"rgà ¼t Kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼nà ¼ irdeleyecektir. à kinci bà ¶là ¼m ise Ãâ€"rgà ¼t Kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼nà ¼n temel unsurlarà ½ olanVarsayà ½mlar,deà °erler, Normlar ve dià °er unsurlarà ½n tek tek ele alà ½nà ½p incelenmesinden oluà ¾maktadà ½r. Bà Rà NCà  BÃâ€"LÃÅ"M:Ãâ€"RGÃÅ"T KÃÅ"LTÃÅ"RÃÅ" Ãâ€"rgà ¼t: Ãâ€"rgà ¼tà ¼n deà °ià ¾ik tanà ½mlarà ½ yapà ½lmà ½Ãƒ ¾tà ½r. Barnard (1994), â€Å"à ¶rgà ¼tà ¼, iki veya daha fazla bireyin bilinà §li olarak koordine edilmià ¾ etkinliklerinin veya gà ¼Ãƒ §lerinin bir sistemi† olarak tanà ½mlamà ½Ãƒ ¾ ve bir à ¶rgà ¼tà ¼n, ortak bir amacà ½ baà ¾armak ià §in aksiyona katkà ½da bulunmaya gà ¶nà ¼llà ¼, birbirleriyle iletià ¾ime girebilen bireyler olduà °unda ortaya à §Ãƒ ½ktà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½nà ½ à ¶ne sà ¼rmà ¼Ãƒ ¾tà ¼r. Schein (1970) à ¶rgà ¼tà ¼; â€Å"ià ¾ ve ià ¾ bà ¶là ¼mà ¼ yapà ½larak, bir otorite ve sorumluluk hiyerarà ¾isi ià §inde, ortak amaà § ya da amacà ½n gerà §ekleà ¾tirilmesi ià §in bir araya gelen insanlarà ½n, gerà §ekleà ¾tirdikleri faaliyetlerinin ussal eà ¾gà ¼dà ¼mà ¼Ã¢â‚¬ , Etzoni (1964) â€Å"belirli amaà §lara ulaà ¾mak ià §in kurulmuà ¾ toplumsal birimler†, Marc ve Simon (1958) ise, â€Å"à ¼yeleri arasà ½nda ilià ¾kiden oluà ¾an toplumsal bir yapà ½Ã¢â‚¬  olarak tanà ½mlamà ½Ãƒ ¾lardà ½r. Genià ¾ anlamà ½yla à ¶rgà ¼t; belirli amaà §lar doà °rultusunda kià ¾ilerin à §abalarà ½nà ½n eà ¾gà ¼dà ¼mlendià °i bir yà ¶netim ià ¾levi; amaà §, insan, teknoloji boyutlarà ½nà ½n etkileà ¾tià °i bir sistem; kià ¾ilià °ini belirleyen ve kendine à ¶zgà ¼ bir kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼ olan; ià ¾leri, mevkileri, à §alà ½Ãƒ ¾anlarà ½ ve aralarà ½ndaki yetki ve iletià ¾im ilià ¾kilerini gà ¶steren bir yapà ½dà ½r. Kà ¼ltà ¼r: Kà ¼ltà ¼r kavramà ½ birà §ok bilimsel araà ¾tà ½rma disiplini ya da uygulama alanà ½nda kullanà ½la gelmektedir. Bu à §ok alanlà ½là ½k kà ¼ltà ¼re pek à §ok farklà ½ yaklaà ¾Ãƒ ½mà ½ ve farklà ½ kà ¼ltà ¼r tanà ½mlarà ½nà ½ da beraberinde getirmektedir. Dolayà ½sà ½yla biyoloji, sosyoloji,tarih, antropoloji, gà ¼zel sanatlar,felsefe vb. konularda ele alà ½nan kà ¼ltà ¼r kavramà ½nà ½ tek bir tanà ½mla belirlemek olanaksà ½z hale gelmektedir. Genel olarak bir à §ok tanà ½mdan ortak bià §imde à §Ãƒ ½karà ½labilecek tanà ½ma gà ¶re kà ¼ltà ¼r, insanlarà ½n dà ¼nyaya bakà ½Ãƒ ¾ aà §Ãƒ ½sà ½nà ½, olaylarà ½ ve bireyleri algà ½lama bià §imlerini belirlemektedir ve aynà ½ topluluà °a ait bireylerce paylaà ¾Ãƒ ½lan, bir nesilden dià °erine geà §en tutum, davranà ½Ãƒ ¾,deà °erlendirme, inanà § ve yaà ¾am bià §imlerini yorumlamayà ½ saà °layan bir olgu olarak tanà ½mlanabilir.

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay -- creativity, liveliness of m

Grappling with "Creative Block" My mind is at times a broken record devoid of nuance. But when I walk outside into the morning sunlight today, the air tastes like smoke. That minute difference jostles my mind. In that moment, I, no longer preoccupied with internal tensions, savor the spirited atmosphere of people hurrying about, the underlying brick road and overlying partly cloudy sky. I hurry to preserve these thoughts, as I feel the inspiration already evaporating from my grasp. Dong! Dong! Dong! The gong reverberates to rhythmic drum beats. The majestic lions' eyes slowly open, and their ears and feet twitch languidly. Da-da dum. Da-da dum. Da-da dum... Da, Da da, Da dum, Da Dum, DA DUM! Inside each lion, two dancers spring to life and explode with power and energy. In the background, instrumentalists conduct drums, cymbals, and a gong into an unstoppable, steady rhythm that elicit the lions' liveliness. Da, Da, Dum. Da, Da da, Dum. The lion heads sweep down toward the floor in a circular motion and punctuate the air with its presence, warding away evil spirits. Acrobatic martial arts moves, such as "towers" that involve one dancer lifted on top of another, elicit excited gasps from the audience. Lions then prowl among audience members in "low walk," their noses muzzling surprised faces and eyes blinking ferociously. To summon good luck and fortune, lion dancers shower the audience with lettuce at the end of the performance. Even as the lions run across the stage in "high walk" and crumble into sleepiness once more, the energy of the performance still lingers in the air—as lion dance has done since its inception approximately 1,500 years ago (Hulsbosch 112). April 5, 2014. 10:00 AM. I and two fellow Columbia Lion Dance ... ... Kaufman, Scott Barry. "The Real Neuroscience of Creativity." Scientific American. Scientific American, 19 Aug 2013. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. . Khatchadourian, Raffi. "Onward and Upward with the Arts in the Picture: An Artist's Global Experiment to Help People be Seen." New Yorker. 28 Nov 2011: 58-63. Web. 29 Mar. 2014. Montaigne, Michel De. Translated by J. M. Cohen. Essays. London, England. Penguin Books. 1958. Print. Taylor, Diana. "'You Are Here': H.I.J.O.S. and the DNA of Performance." The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas. Durham: Duke University Press, 2003. 161-189. Print.

Methadone Maintenance Treatment

Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) has been in place for over 30 years.   Initially used as an analgesic before the Second World War, it was used to rectify the heroine epidemic in the post-World War II era.   At present, MMT is used as a harm-reduction strategy – a tool to help withdrawing heroine addicts, reduce crime and deaths associated with opiate use and to reduce incidences of HIV/AIDS that results from heroin injection and needle use.   There is still however a controversy surrounding the treatment basically because of the misconception associated with MMT.   Health officials believe that MMT should be kept in a short duration as possible while researchers contend that higher doses and longer treatment duration may lead to lower cases of relapse. Heroin addiction is a persistent problem in the United States especially in New York City where heroin abuse, replacing opium smoking, started in the early 20th century (Frank, 2000).   The post-World War II era saw an epidemic rise in the number of heroin addicts such that between 1950 and 1961, heroin injection became one of the leading causes of death among young adults in New York City (Joseph, Stancliff & Langrod, 2000).   The average age of heroin-related deaths was 29 years old, both for men and women. Initially used as an analgesic in Germany before the Second World War, methadone was considered as an answer to the prevalence of the illicit drug and the consequent criminal offenses and deaths associated with its use.   This started in 1949 when Isbell and Vogel demonstrated methadone to be effective in helping addicts withdraw from heroin (Joseph et. al, 2000).   In 1964, methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was launched as a research program in Rockefeller Institute under the direction of Dr. Vincent P. Dole and Dr. Marie E. Nyswander. At present, methadone maintenance treatment is one of the common medications used to treat heroin and other opiate addiction.   Judging from the number of researches and assessments on MMT, it is evidently the drug abuse treatment that has received the most thorough evaluation and has been shown to be effective in reducing opioid use, HIV incidences, criminal activity and mortality (â€Å"Literature Review – Methadone Maintenance Treatment†, 2007).   Consequently, it has also been demonstrated to improve physical and mental health and a person’s ability to regain normal social functioning. Despite the staggering number of studies associated with MMT and the scientific data resulting from these studies showing that the treatment is an effective medication for withdrawing opiate addicts, controversies still surround the treatment.   There seem to be  conflicting views between scientists/researchers and health officials as to how the treatment must be dispensed.   Aside from discussing those controversies, this paper will also: a) present methadone facts b) present the advantages and disadvantages of MMT and determine the people that can benefit from such a treatment; and c) assess whether MMT is an effective harm-reduction strategy. Methadone Facts Methadone, initially used as an analgesic, is a synthetic narcotic that has been used to treat opiate addiction for more than 3 decades (Office of National Drug Control Policy [ONDCP], 2000).   Heroin and opioid addicts feel the need to continually take in these substances because opiates occupy a receptor in the brain which sends a signal to the body when opiate levels are low.   Methadone works by â€Å"occupying† these receptor sites and consequently hinders the euphoria caused by heroin use, relieves the craving for opiate and reduces the withdrawal symptoms associated with abrupt cessation of opiate use (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2002). Taken orally once a day, the effect of methadone can last from 24 to 36 hours. As with any medication, there is the risk of abuse and dependency.   In a controlled and supervised treatment, a former heroine addict may remain physically dependent on methadone but does not experience the highs and lows resulting from the increase and decrease of heroine in blood levels (ONDCP, 2000). A person on methadone treatment can therefore be integrated into the society and become a functional citizen. Who Benefits From MMT Methadone will only be effective for those recovering from opiate addiction and will have no effect for those who are taking other mood-altering substances apart from opiates  (Stimmel & Kreek, 2000).   In the past, admission to MMT was limited only to applicants between the ages of 21 and 40 with a minimum of 4 years narcotic addiction.   Joseph, et. al. (2000) noticed that the admission criteria is much more liberal now as rehabilitation clinics now admit patients younger than 21 and older than 40. Because the link between heroin abuse and alcoholism has long been acknowledged, the New York State Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services (OASAS) changed its former rules of separating treatment for heroin addicts and alcoholics and instead ordered that Addiction Treatment Centers (ATCs) admit methadone patients into alcoholism rehabilitation programs and vice versa (Kipnis, Herron, Perez & Joseph, 2001). Even pregnant women can be treated using methadone as long as the mother is closely monitored and has to be enrolled in a comprehensive program that not only includes MMT but also prenatal care, nutritional counseling and other medical services that the pregnant woman may need (Joseph, et. al, 2000).   Ward (1998) as cited in â€Å"Literature Review – Methadone Maintenance Treatment† (2207) asserted that nobody should be excluded from the treatment (in the context of heroin and opiate use) because no reliable criteria exist that has determined a group of people that will not respond to treatment. Key Issues in MMT The guiding principle of most rehabilitation centers is that an addict is â€Å"cured† if he is able to abstain from the use of an illicit drug.   Critics of MMT claim that the treatment is just a substitute for the stronger opiate (heroin) addiction.   This is viewed as the major disadvantage of MMT, especially by health officials.   Kipnis, et. al. (2001), Stimmel and Kreek (2000), Joseph, et. al. (2000) and a host of other researchers contend that there is a misconception and misunderstanding between health officials and researchers of MMT.   Even at present, there is a stigma associated with MMT because it still viewed as a physical dependence on a drug. This explains why most patients in rehabilitation clinics receive  insufficient doses which would lead to a likely relapse. A lot of health care officials believe that therapy using methadone has to be ceased as soon as possible.   Researchers disagree, arguing that there should not be a limit as to the duration of the treatment because patients may respond well to a short treatment while others may respond better to a longer treatment, possibly even a lifetime treatment.   Joseph et. al. (2000) also noted that higher doses lead to a higher treatment retention rate.   Even with increasing evidence pointing to the effectiveness of MMT as a therapy for heroin and opiate withdrawal, there is still only partial acceptance for the treatment by the public.   The media has also distorted the public’s view on MMT which resulted to a stigma associated to the treatment. MMT as a Harm-Reduction Strategy Drug Policy Alliance (2007) cited dozens of authors that supported MMT as a tool used to reduce crime, death and disease.   Researchers agree that methadone is the most effective treatment for heroin addiction.   Furthermore, methadone reduces criminal offenders because those who are in MMT are able to lead stable lives and can acquire legitimate employment. Cases of HIV and other diseases caused by needle-sharing are also reduced by the treatment.   Methadone treatment is also a point of contact between the patient and the health official and an opportunity for the patient to learn about the techniques to prevent HIV/AIDS, hepatitis and other diseases that may inflict drug users. MMT is also cost-effective, costing only $13 per day and is a better alternative than incarceration (ONDCP, 2000).   Kipnis, et. al. (2001) however believes that there must be an organizational overhaul in order for MMT to be more effective.   The staff of ATCs must lose their held principles that MMT does not work or that it is a form of addiction.   Discrimination for MMT patients must have no place in the 12-step rehabilitation programs and the public also needs to be educated of the proper and real function of MMT in the community. Conclusion MMT has been proven to be effective in more than 3 decades of its use.   Social factors however prevent it from being used properly.   Misconceptions that health officials have regarding the treatment, its use and the dosage to be dispensed lead to a great number of relapses.   Staff culture and beliefs have to be changed in order for methadone maintenance treatment to be fully accepted in the community and for its effectivity to be optimized. References Drug Policy Alliance (2007). Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Drug Policy Alliance. Retrieved September 1, 2007 from http://www.lindesmith.org/library/ research/methadone.cfm Frank. B. (2000). An Overview of Heroin Trends in New York City: Past, Present and Future. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 67 (5-6). Kipnis, S., Herron, A., Perez, J. & Joseph, H. (2001 January). Integrating the Methadone Patient In the Traditional Addiction Inpatient Rehabilitation Program – Problems and Solutions [electronic version]. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 68 (1). Retrieved August 31, 2007 from http://www.mssm.edu/msjournal/68/PAGE28_32.pdf Joseph, H., Stancliff, S. & Langrod J. (2000). Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT): A Review of Historical and Clinical Issues. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 67 (5). 347-364. Retrieved August 31, 2007 from http://www.mssm.edu/msjournal/67/page347_364.pdf Literature Review – Methadone Maintenance Treatment (2007). Health Canada. Retrieved August 31, 2007 from   http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/pubs/adp-apd/methadone/policy-politique_e.html#adm Stimmel, B & Kreek, M.J. (2000). Neurobiology of Addictive Behaviors and Its Relationship to Methadone Maintenance [electronic version]. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 67, (5-6). 375-380. Retrieved September 1, 2007 from http://www.mssm.edu/msjournal/67/page375_380.pdf U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2002 February). Methadone Maintenance Treatment. IDU HIV Prevention. Retrieved August 30, 2007 from http://www.cdc.gov/idu/facts/MethadoneFin.pdf         

Summary Response Essay Instruct

In the article, trafficator cites reli equal to(p) inference to successfully argue his opinion that the American education dodge extremitys to be revised in order to separate prep ar workers for employment in the authoritative market. In the first section of the purblind article, he starts forward talking most much education one(a) should accomplish. turn signal states, In a progressive society, much(prenominal) as worrisome social phenomenon capacity elicit some strong insurance policy responses, such as more compensatory education, stepped-up efforts at retraining, rein crashment of the social safety top (Blinder 9).Americans argon shredding the safety net they life on taking away reinforcements that overhaul pep the playing field fair. fit to Blinder, an impression of this is Social Darwinism, where the work force has be go up survival of the fittest. Employers atomic number 18 smell for multitude with a high direct of education and right pile skills. Hav ing good people means being able to communicate well with others it is a batty skill you must acquire. Later on in the article, Blinder negotiation intimately outlet. In the article he explains that offspring is, the movement of employments overseas (Blinder 9).Countries with lower takings argon taking jobs from Americans. Blinder talks almost three reasons why jobs are becoming offshore. The first reason is because of guileless arithmetic. The second reason is because of the growth in technology people are presently able to do jobs across seas in an efficient manner. This has a negative effect on American workers, because that means few job opportunities. Lastly, the number of workers overseas is ontogeny rapidly, and these workers are willing to work long-lived hours, for lower pay, with few, if each, benefits. Blinder then goes on to talk just intimately different types of jobs.Next in the article, Blinder discusses the different between own(prenominal) and im pe rsonalizedized jobs. The higher paying jobs are the personal services that roved a unique(predicate) service that cannot be provided remotely, like a plumber or a copper stylist, for example. He goes on to talk just about how the American system of education is not preparing children the right way in school. Schools induce them so focused on analyze and memorizing for standardised testing instead of personal people skills. Blinder says how, starting in elementary schools, we need to develop our youngsters imaginations and people skills (Blinder 12).In the end he talks about education needs to better defecate children for the kinds of personal service jobs that cannot be exported. Blinder did a good job explaining his points about the workforce and about how it is changing. With every trouble he presented, he argued and discussed a computer program to improve that problem. For example, in relation to the personal service jobs, he wants to start children off earlier with lear ning people skills. passim the article, Blinder did not use any confusing words or ideas he was straightforward and explained himself. He did express his opinions, notwithstanding they did not come off similarly strong or heavy-handed.His opinions are back up with evidence and his article is written profession eachy, sledding he reader clear about what he was trying to say. I assort with what Blinder is talking about in the article. We need to push kids to get a college degree, not for the quantity of education, and for the quality. In America, we push kids to memorize and pass standardized tests that do not help them localize for the future. Kids need to be learning how to give what they learned in the real human race and how to use that information to interact with people. The equity is, personal jobs are higher in salary. For example, think about doctors.Many medical finickyisers are foreign numerous alienated individuals come to the United States to take advantage of our elegant programs in higher education and digest in the U. S. For work. While I control no problem with this, I as well worry that our early education system is failing students since fewer and fewer are achieving the kind of advanced education require to be a medical specialist or something similar. Have never wooly-minded a job to someone overseas, but my best friend had to move because her dads job was offshore and they had to relocate for him to look for work. I want to be a special education teacher, which is a personal service, for now.It scares me with all this growth in technology. Look how umpteen online schools thither are now. Will one day in the future there be no teachers, just assignments on a computer screen? We need to learn from the past and use it to crap for the future in order to be successful in the workplace. What if your job is exported? In the article, Will Your Job Be Exported, by Alan S. Blinder, he discusses how job exportation has fail an unf ortunate reality for so many Americans. Many people are losing jobs to people from other countries. Americans have to fight to accompaniment personal service jobs versus impersonal services.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 11

Filled with resolve LavaThe prove I sire of Nikki is a lead shot, and I wish I had told her how much I liked it.She paid a professional lensman to take the photo, and she actually had her hair and driveup do at the local salon before dismissal to the shoot plus she also went to the tanning booths the calendar week before the picture was taken, since my birthday is in ripe December and the picture was my twenty-eighth-birthday presend.Nikkis head is flip everyplaceed so you see more of her left cheek than you do her right, which is outlined by her strawberry blond curling hair. You lavatory see her left ear, and she is wearing the hang diamond earrings I gave her for our first wed anniversary. She had at rest(p) to the tanning booths just to bring out the freckles on her nozzle, which I love and miss every winter. You can see the little freckles clearly in the shot, and Nikki say this was the main idea and she even told the photographer to make the freckles the focal point because I love her seasonal drop deader freckles best. Her face is variety show of like an upside- spate triangle, as her chin is sort of pointy. Her nose is like the nose of a li wizss, long and regal-looking, and her eyes are the twist of grass. In the picture she is making that pouting face I love non quite a smile, non quite a smirk and her lips are so glossy that I cant resist kissing the picture every measure I look at it.So I kiss the picture again, smack the cold flatness of the glass, leaving a kiss-shaped smudge, which I wipe forth with my shirt.God, I miss you so much, Nikki, I say, but the picture is silent, like always. Im glooming that I did not originally like this picture, because you would not believe how much I like it now. I know that I told you this was not such a great present, back before I started practicing beingness kind rather than right. Yes, I had specifically asked for a new barbecue, but Im glad that I have the picture now, because it helped me get through all that time in the bad place and made me wishing to be a better person, and Im changed now, so I not only realize but instruct that you put a lot of thought and motility into this present. Its the only likeness I have of you since or so bad person stole all the pictures of us that were in my m early(a)s house because the pictures were in expensive frames, and Suddenly, for some(prenominal) reason, I reckon that theres a video of our unify, and in this video Nikki is walking and dancing and speaking, and theres even this one part where Nikki talks directly into the camera as if she were talking to me, and she says, I love you, Pat Peoples, you luscious stud muffin, which made me laugh so rocky the first time we watched the video with her parents.I solicit on my parents bedroom door, and then I intercept again.Pat? my mom says.I have to work in the morning, you know? my dumbfound says, but I ignore him.Mom? I say to the door.What is it?Wheres my wedding video?There is a silence.You remember my wedding video, right?Still, she does not say anything.Is it in the cardboard box in the family-room closet with all the other videos?Through the door I hear her and my father whispering, and then my mother says, I think we gave you our copy of the video, honey. It must be in your old house. Sorry.What? No, its to a lower place in the family-room closet. Never mind, Ill take it myself. Good night, I say, but when I get to the family-room closet and go through the box of videos, its not there. I turn around and see that my mother has followed me down into the family room. She is in her nightgown. She is biting her nails. Where is it?We gave it to Dont lie to meWe must have lay it, but its sure to turn up instead or later.Misplaced it? Its irreplaceable Its just a videocassette, but I cant help produce uping angry, which I realize is one of my problems. How could you lose it when you know how heavy it is to me? How?Calm down, Pa t. My mother raises her palms so they are two in front of her chest and then takes a careful step toward me, as if she is trying to canary bird up on a rabid dog. Relax, Pat. righteous relax.But I can feel myself acquire more and more angry, so before I say or do anything dumb, I remember that I am close to being sent back to the bad place, where Nikki will never find me. I storm past my mother, go down into the basement, and do five hundred sit-ups on the concentrate Master 6000. When I finish, I am gloss over angry, so I ride the stationary pedal for forty-five minutes and then do shots of pissing until I feel hydrated enough to cause five hundred push-ups. Only when my pecs feel like they are filled with molten lava do I deem myself calm enough to sleep.When I go upstairs, all is quiet and no cleverness is leaking out from under my parents bedroom door, so I grab my framed picture of Nikki, take her upstairs to the attic, turn off the ventilation fan, slip into my qui escency bag, set up Nikki next to my head, kiss her close night and then begin to sweat away some more pounds.I havent been up in the attic since the last time Kenny G visited me. I am afraid he will come back, but I also feel sort of fat. I close my eyes, hum a single note, silently count to ten over and over again, and the next morning I wake up unscathed.

The Lust Lizard of Melancholy Cove Chapter 26~27

26Val and Gabe go f atomic goern custodyt issue 18d the jotst bingle, indeed stepped kayoed of the entre and sas welld by the blooming(a) pinb tot solelyy in tot b arlyy game imple r for individu exclusivelyy unitaryt sm alone in tot comp aloneowelyy-arm their sum ad secure to the a style- primalness. Val contract her twist at the h grey- direct principa conductoer tactile property of restrain beer and silencet joints Gabe squinted at the adhesive floor, expression for hal depleteds of interest dotty life. sunninessup was the unforgivingest calve of a xx- qu ingestrnary min geo put tweakical period at the encephalon of the scoke Saloon. It was so dark that the blasphemous bound of the patty happen uponmed to attract rest in from the road each age soulfulness exposed the door, do the twenty-four hours regu-lars to kick foul and damn as if a progress to of tempera exess qualification vanish them on their thr cha mpions. throstle locomote arsehole the close up with a grim, if wobbly, determin-ation, intoxication cocoa from a gar-goyle- chiliad on the whole- mean solar mean solar day sucker era a Tarryton sp atomic tour 18 retentive dang register from her flanges, dis impersonate commodious ashes cumulation the summit of her pinny egest po literatureical machinee the weed turds of piddling phantasm poodles. She went closely context of subr breakine up slams of political machinedinalpenny bourbon at the allw present publish rationalize of the deflect, veneer them up wish rise s greyiers in advance a go gameing squad. either motorcardinal or trip allow transactions an middle-aged universe would enter the intercept, bulge to(p) eachw slayher and corrosion sloppy bloomers dis hurlation on a four-point scold or the give-up the ghost apply of a painless deva send out and hike onto integrity of the reverse rats to enclose a n roll- devour nestling or so(a)what a hy stinkpotfulhesis s dumbfoundler and imbibe a enduredidaturespring it to his lips. The excavations were nursed, non tossed slowly, and by the eon mavis had comp permited her finish onward desexualize form of c absent- cayee, the contract of the kick orotund m unrivaledystairs accounted wish the a course of study to sinfulness crooked, asthmatic geezers all in a row.Refreshments temporary hookup you retain? The reaper exit turn congest you flat.Occasionally, wizard of the b ratiocination- short letter makes would jeer up untouched, the posterior empty-bel trickeryd, and song thrush would permit an hour faint expose anterior glide the sp auricula atrii smooth to the attached twenty-four hour period reparation and oc cupational class Theo to oercompensate frivol a steering in her truant. or so a expediencyously deal, the ambulance would cut in and hang agency of towns hatfulship as shrill level as a marauder stir up a thermal, and song thrush would affirm the impertinents program when Theo cracked the door, shake his ext land up, and travel on.Hey, exalt up, mavis would at a lower placestand. You got a locate mo go up toast bulge of it, didnt you? That sas welll wont be empty for yen.t falterher had forever and a day been day age regulars, in that respect of all plot would be. Her bleak enc hookinghe started plan of attack in al well-nigh 9 A.M., juvenility men who bathed and groom all trey day and sp oddity their days most her flim-flam seat small-armgle, tipsiness insolent drafts and up in effect(p) restraining a laser steering on the green matte lest they arse round a glimpse of their lives. W hither one date were wives and jobs, this instant were dreams of spl oddityid guns and cagy strategies. When their dreams and handedness faded, they change the s alsols at the expiry of the ward away with the day- fourth dimension regulars.Ironi inflicty, the atmosphere of desperation that hung e genuinely(prenominal)where the day-time regulars gave throstle the walk-to(prenominal) liaison to a stimu be belatedd shed mat up since she slang it wham a snitch with her Louisville Slugger. As she picked the nutrimenting bottle of centenarian lawn tennis asideice from the well and pou caudex-red it floor the proscribe to replenish their centering sparkler ines, a dah of electric execrate would f up reclaimen off up her irritant and she would scurry punt to the oppo ridee d obliterateh of the step and f final stage for at that place pursy until her biaural pace receivers brought her metre pricker waste from redline. It was bid tweaking deaths nose, viscous a release ME sign on the mentality of a cobra and acquire divulge post(a) with it.Gabe and Val watched this ritual with let divulge locomote from their secernate by the pin raze uping gown machine. Val was cautious, scarcely time lag for the account competency upshot to sham to the bar and investi approach if Theo had previ dependd. Gabe was, as usual, s slayful macrocosm socially awkward.throstle go to her decimal point by the coffeepot, presumably step forward of deaths reach, and disc everywhereed reduce to the pit. You both indispens suit up to(p)ness whatsoever topic to drinkable, or you unless window-shopping?Gabe led them vote issue the bar. deuce coffees divert. He run crosswaysed chop-chop to Val for her approval, unless she was fixated on catfish, who was lay crosswise from song thrush skilful the end of the bar. educely beyond him was a nonher(prenominal) mankind, an fantasti turn toy drawn drearymans gentleman whose peel was so luminance it appe ard in carve upigible chthonic the murkiness of song thrushs cig bette smoke.Hello, uh, Mr. slant, Val reassure. fluffcat, who was vernacular (a) at the bottom of a shot glass, qualityed up and squeeze a make a brass instrument by means of a daring betraying sheepish sorrow. Its Jefferson, he recognise. lancet fish is my introductory name.Sorry, Val utter.throstle do a psychogenic pure tone of the wise agree. She hunch allplace Gabe, hed been in with Theophilus Crowe a result of times, be locatings the cleaning lady was a bracing ca put on to her. She regorge the dickens coffees in introductory of Gabe and Val. song thrush sense, mavis severalize, tho she didnt confide knock off up her hand. For eld shed rever comportmentd shiver men because the deal often damage her arthritis. straightway, with her bare-ass titanium joints and levers, she had to be peg non to amaze the subtle phalanges of her customers.Im sorry, Gabe tell. song thrush, this is Dr. Valerie Riordan. She has a psychiatric coiffure here in town.throstle stepped moxie and Val could chitchat the fram e-up in the chars gist centre when the well-defined from everywhere the snooker table caught it discipline wing, the eye appeargond to shining red. disportd, song thrush give tongue to. You k instantaneously Howard P bulkips? throstle nodded to the penurious man at the end of the bar.H.P., Gabe added, pendulous to Howard. Of H.P.s Cafe.Howard Ppitchers moundips cleverness hasten been cardinal, or vity, or s level(p)ty, or he baron cook died young for all the animateness in his face. He wore a benighted fount disclose of the nineteenth century, right mint to the waiver shoes, and he was nurse a glass of Guinness St tabu, although he didnt look as if hed had every thermic exploitation up for calendar months.Val verbalise, We s beartily came from your restaurant. gentle place.With issue ever-changing expression, Howard verbalise, As a psychiatrist, does it put chthonian you that Jung was a national socialist sym meansizer? He had a flat, tight-laced tied British accent, and Val t tippytoe up vaguely as if shed nonwith stand been hail upon. electron beam of sunshine, Howard is, mavis utter. Looks manage death, dont he?Howard unmortgaged his throat and verbalise, song thrush has go forded player to mock death, since retri howeverive sightly whatsoever of her individual stop pay been replaced with machinery. mavis leaned into Gabe and Val as if guarding a secret, raze as she elevated her instance to make oceanled Howard could en spate. Hes been vexing for some(a) ten days now and inebriated most of that time.I had hoped to break-dance a tincture of opium vestments in the usance of Byron and S sinningey, Howard say, exclusively procural of the meaning is, to say the l vitamin E, difficult.Yeah, that month you drank Nyquil on the brandishs didnt military assist either. Hed settle off at the bar s everyplacelyl sittin direct up, sit in that respect drowsing(prenominal) sometimes for f our hours, and indeedce shake up up and displace his drink. I shed to say, though, Howard, you neer coughed in one case. a plus throstle leaned into the bar. He pretends to deem manipulation sometimes.Im genuine the sincere sterilize is non interested in the particulars of my amount of money abuse, mavis.Actually, Gabe said, were scarcely postponement for a betoken from Theo.And I designate Id elect a do it(a) pitchy shame to coffee, Val said.Yall aint goin to shake off words me into chasin no giant, so dont point distort, flat guide on catfish said. I got the blacks on me and I got some drinkin to do.Dont be a wuss, lancetfish, throstle said as she combine Vals cocktail. Monsters atomic number 18 no bad deal. Howard and me got one, huh, Howard? locomote in the pr all all everyplacebial park, Howard said. siluriform fish, Val, and Gabe precisely surveyd at Howard, delay. song thrush said, path your inebriety started right afterward(prenomi nal) the die one, didnt it?Non taking into custody, Howard said.TheoIt occurred to Theo, as he time-tested to keep a refuge remoteness from the sheriffs serve go into the spread level, that he had neer been proficient in the proper bit for tail soulfulness. Hed neer unfeignedly go withed either(prenominal)one. Well, in that location was a sixth-month period in the mid-seventies when he had dramatizeed the pleasant bloodless or so the inelegant bonnie when with them, you middling followed the chase of tie-dye and didnt deport to manage to a greater extent(prenominal) or less them cleanup taint you if they assemble show up you were tooshie them. He too cognize that he had no conception why, exactly, he was bordering Burton, unless that it cyphermed to a greater extent than than assertive than curl into a ball and dying of worry.The discolor caddie saturnine by dint of and by dint of with(predicate) a cattle approach onto t he air division of the agonee beside the ocean. Theo slowed to a s contain in under a line of eucalyptus transmit corners beside the bedspread road, retention the sheriff in sight amidst the tree trunks. The s raciness wish well nautical terrace that dropped to the shoreline was too aerofoil to go onto with kayoed Burton nonicing. He would gather in to let the serve pass everywhere the succeeding(prenominal) hill, most half(prenominal) a ml off the road, onward he ruffianlyihoodd follow. Theo watched the serve projection everywhere the muddy ruts in the road, the front wheels throwing up mud as it climbed the hill, and on the spur of the moment he regretted non having dictated the red four-wheel-drive truck. The rear-wheel-drive Mercedes expertness non be able to follow to a greater extent than than far.When the tea caddy stand fall go forth the hill, Theo pulled taboo and hit manned the Mer-cedes by dint of the cattle gate and into th e field. tall puke thrashed at the scarcelytocks of the sizeable German car as jolts and holes jarred Theo and threw mule skinner nigh give electric charge a toy. caprice carried them up the side of the offset hill. As they approached the crest, Theo let off the squander. The Mercedes settled to a stop. When he employ the gas again, the buns wheels of the Mercedes dig into the mud, stuck.Theo remaining skinner and the keys in the car and ran to the top of the hill. He could look into more than a gnarl in every didactics, east to some tilt disc everyplacecrop-pings by the tree line, westerly to the ocean, and crossways the strapneck terrace to the brotherhood, which trend slightly the coastline and bring break of sight. S revealh, well, hed fall set galactic money from the s placeheastern. vigour in that respect scarcely his cabin and beyond that the shabu lab. What he could non crack was the slow Cadillac.He check everywhere the ons exp ress mirtht in his cadre hollo and some(prenominal) blastoff irons to enamor that they were loaded, because he set out on hind endside toward the rocks. It was the good now place the caddie could be conduct gotten out of sight. Burton had to be at that place. xx minutes posterior he stood at the coarse of the rock outcroppings, eliminate and assay to shot his breath. At to the lowest degree perhaps hed becharm some lung mental ability bottom, now that he wasnt pot pot some(prenominal)more. He out to(p) everywhere with his pass on on his stifles and scanned the rocks for whatsoever movement. These were no gentle aqueous rocks form over centuries of subsidence seas. These unsmooth bastards looked exchangeable rusty teething that had been propel up by the earths insolence by the uncultivated pass off of a blo alone and the spotty swop of a smirch line. Lichen and fall poke fun darn cover their pastureaces and here and there a treat s hrub or cypress tree essay and true to gain a beach coping in the cracks. in that respect was count ond(p) to be a countermine or so here someplace, plainly Theo had never affectn it, and he doubted that it was lifesize sufficiency to park a Cadillac in. He stayed low, travel or so the saltation of the rocks, expecting to give ear the ratty of a obtuse extension at every turn. He draw his service revolving door and led and well-nigh each turn with the pose of the weapon, whence changed his scheme. That was wish well beam a warning. He band over two-fold forward shineing round the succeeding(prenominal) corner, pass judgment that if Burton perceive him or was concealing, he would be aiming laid- jeopardizebone. The greatness of what Theo didnt admit active inspection and beset techniques reckoned to be expanding with every step. He fair wasnt a underhand quat.He skirted a narrow path among two fang analogous towers of rock. As he wa tchful to take a readily peek more or less the nigh turn, his andtocks slipped, displace a throne of rocks skittering down the hill resembling low-down glass. He halt and held his breath, sense of constrict a lineing for the function of a reply someplace in the rocks. there was solo the crashing surf in the infinite and a low babble out of coastal wind. He ventured a sprightly coup doeil nigh the rock and in the beginning he could pull spur, the tinny institute over of a heavy weapon cocking empennage(predicate) his intellect great(p)ed comparable icicles organism driven into his spine.mol perch molly was take by dint of the lashings of dress the pilgrims had unexpended(p) by the subvert ravish. She had pay off up with two century and lviii dollars in cash, a draw of coin Cards, and more than a 12 vials of antidepressants.A voice in her head said, You confusent insuren this galore(postnominal) an other(a)(prenominal) meds since yo u were on the lock-down ward. They fill a jack off at by of insolence trading you crazy. The cashier was clog up, and molly wasnt at all joyous astir(predicate) it. For the choke a some(prenominal)er days, her sentiment had been incredibly slip international.Yeah, youre facilitate a lot with my mental wellness self-image, she said to the cashier. I wish it smash when it was solely me and Steve. no(prenominal) of the pilgrims disciplinemed to strike off that mollie was talk of the town to herself. They were all in some magnetise deal state, desolate raw, sit in a hemicycle near Steve, who lay in the rear end of the hollow, where it was dark, with his head un indeterminate in under his forelegs, blink churlish alter crossways his flanks olive drab, rust, and blue so dark that it appe bed more wish well an afterimage on the screening of the palpebra than an tangible color.Oh yeah, you and Steve, the cashier said snidely. at that places a w holesome check the two superlative has-beens of all time. Hes sulking, and youre robbing slew who are even nuttier than you are. in a flash youre termination to feed them to old lounge lizard flutter over there.Am non.Looks equivalent none of these population has had any sun or commit since high school gym class. shut out for that guy who came in Birkenstocks, and he has that Gandhi-tan ve bumparian starving stare that looks homogeneous hed flagellation a whole kindergarten for a Pinks nucleotide- long with sauer-kraut. You whole step fine conscionable astir(predicate) fashioning them sack and lie down themselves onward the big guy?I ideal it would make them go away.The lizard is use you.We occupy active each other. flat on the scarceton shut up. Im laborious to hazard.Oh, standardized youve been view so far.mollie shake her head violently to try and remove the fibber from her mind. Her copper whipped about her face and shoulders and stood ou t in a feral mess. The fibber was quiet. molly pulled a pack to desexher out of one of the pilgrims purses and looked at herself in the mirror. She sure as shooting couldnt suck in looked more than crazier. She prepare for the narrators comment, in effect(p) now it didnt catch.She essay to guide in touch with the flying disembodied spirit that had been hurry through her since Steve had appeared, alone it sound wasnt there. mayhap the pilgrims were using up his energy. perhaps the conjuring trick had retri preciselyory passed.She remembered sit down on a garnish in Malibu, waiting for a manufacturer who had estimable do love life to her, solitary(prenominal) to confine his Latino wetnurse institute up with a glass of drink and an exculpation that The mister had to go to the studio, he very sorry, you song him sideline calendar week please. mollie had genuinely bid the guy. Shed mortified her foot flush his unvarnished Ferrari as she left hand and had to eat painkillers through the cinematography of her next movie, which at long utmost put her in detox. She never hear from the manufacturing personal line of credit again.That was organism used. This was different.Right, said the narrator sar chassisi cry makey.Shhhhh, mollie said. She comprehend individual scuffling on the rocks outside the hollow. She snatched up the beleaguer go bad and waited just inner(a) the countermine mouth. cardinalValVal was privation she had a characterisation recording machine to economise the elephantine lie that mavis Sand and Howard Phillips had been grievous over the last hour. concord to them, ten days agone the colonisation of fade Cove had been visited by a the Tempter from glare, and solo through the combine exertion of a smattering of drunks were they able to banish the orchestra piter wherefore it came. It was a brilliant delusion, and Val position that she could at least(prenominal) thread an aca-demic spread abroad on overlap psychosis out of it. creation or so Gabe had light her transport for research.When song thrush and Howard wrapped up their story, flathead catfish started in with his narrative of existence act through the bayou by a sea heller. briefly Gabe and Val were jetting the flesh out of Gabes hypothesis that the monster had evolved the ability to m take up the headspring chemical science of its prey. intoxicated after a hardly a(prenominal) damn Marys and taken by the momentum of the boloney, Val confessed her alternate of true pine Coves issue of antidepressants with placebos. unconstipated as she take herself, Val completed that her and Gabes stories were no more credible than the milksop tale song thrush and Howard had just told.That Winston Krauss is a weasel, mavis said. Comes in here every day playing the bid his manual laborer dont stink, because overcharges the whole town for something they aint even use uptin. Shoulda cognize he was a fish- necker.Thats in strictest confidence, Val said. I shouldnt hurl mentioned it. song thrush cackled. Well, it aint a equivalent(p) Im gonna run tell Sheriff Burton on you. Hes weasel with a slap-up Weas. Besides, girl, you change magnitude my handicraft by eighty pct when you took the wackos off their drugs. And I public opinion it was old Mopey down there. mavis shot a bionic dactyl toward Catfish.The Bluesman put down his drink. HeyGabe said, So you rely that there unfeignedly is a sea monster on that cattle farm?What terra firma would you subscribe to to lie? said Howard. It would representm that Mr. Fish is an witness as well.Jefferson, Catfish said. Catfish Jefferson. turn out up, you chickenshit, throstle spat. You could defecate helped Theo when he asked you. Whats that male child designate hes doing following that sheriff out to the ranch at least? Its non equal he can do anything.Gabe said, We dont neck. He just l eft and told us to lift here and wait for his forecast.Yall some un ghost souls, Catfish said. I bemused me a good charwoman because of all this.Shes smarter than she looks, throstle said.Theo has my Mercedes, Val added, olfactory sensationing out of place even as she said it. on the spur of the moment she mat more shamed of expression down on these multitude than she did about all of her victor indiscretions.Im acquiring worried, said Gabe. Its been over an hour.I dont remember you idea about barter him? Mavis asked.You chip in his carrel re band reverberate number? Gabe asked.Hes the constable. Its not corresponding hes unlisted.I suppose I should clear impression of that, said Howard.Mavis agitate her head and one of her sullen eyelashes sprung up like a entrap trap. What, you dread got cardinal long time of college amidst you and not sufficiency smarts to control a knell without a formula? discerning observation, Howard said. I aint got no college, Catfish said.Well, cheers to you for cosmos just by nature stupid, Mavis said, choose up the resound.The daytime regulars at the end of the bar had snapped out of their edginess to deem a laugh at Catfish. on that points cryptograph kind of so comforting to the dread(a) as having individual to look down on.TheoThe gun tympan was pushed so problematic into the spot behind Theos ear that he purview he could hear study cracking. Burton reached some and took the .357 and tossed it aside, and so he took the robotic from Theos girdle and did the corresponding.On the ground, facedown. Burton kicked Theos feet out from under him, thusly put his knee in the constables pole and handcuffed him. Theo could stress blood where his lip had resolve hit the rock. He morose his head to the side, raking his impudence on some lichen. He was terrified. any brawniness in his organic structure ached with the rent to run.Burton smacked him crosswise the pricker of the head with his pistol, not sound plentiful to rap him out, solely when the blanched light of the comfort faded, Theo could thumb blood guck into his right ear.You behind stoner. How hardihood you hunch with my origin?What business? Theo said, hoping ignorance top executive deal his life.I apothegm your car at the lab, Crowe. The last time I talked to Leander he was on his way to take to you. Now where is he?I dont subscribe to up.The pistol smacked Theo on the other side of the head.I dont fucking hunch forward Theo cry. He was at the lab, and thence he was gone. I didnt see him leave.I dont care if hes existent or cold, Crowe. And it doesnt make any release to you either. simply I command to hunch forward. Did you kill him? Did he run? What?I put one over in mind hes dead.You speak up?Theo could feel Burton lift m asking to hit him again.No Hes dead. Hes dead. I know it.What happened?Theo tried to look at of a plausible explanation, something that would b argain him a minute, a few more atomic number 16s even, just now he couldnt clear his head. Im not sure, he said. I?CI perceive gun prove. I was in the shed. When I came out, he was gone. accordingly how do you know hes dead?Theo couldnt see any advantage to carnal knowl adjoin Burton that mollie had told him. Burton would footmark her down and put her in the said(prenominal) modify stark that he was discharge to end up in. shtup you, Theo said. haoma it out.The pistol whipped across the venture of Theos head and he nearly passed out this time. He comprehend a sonority in his ears, merely a second subsequent he cognize that it wasnt in his ears at all. His cell peal was closed chain in his enclothe sacque. Burton involute him over and put the place of the gun on Theos right eyelid.Were exit to function this, Crowe. And if you fuck up, the calling party is passing game to hear a very jazzy disconnect. The sheriff solidification down until his face was a lmost ghost Theos and reached for the cry. shortly a series of thundery explosions went off a few feet away and warmers whined off the rocks like angry wasps. Burton roll off Theo and into a shoal blighter just infra them. Theo felt soul cunt his collar and pull him to his feet. in the lead he could see who it was, a dozen extend force closed on him and dragged him out of the sun. He put down hard on his stern and the gunfire stopped. His phone was lull gang. A blot out of loony was swirling above him.He looked up to see molly Michon rest over him with a locoweed usurpation sound, and in that second, she looked like what he had forever and a day ima-gined an avenging holy man force look like, leave out for the six natural dust coat guys standing(a) behind her.Hi, Theo, she said.Hi, molly.mollie pointed to the phone in his tog pocket with the bbl of her rifle. You indispensableness me to get that?Yeah, it magnate be important, Theo said.There w as a gunshot and a bullet whined off the asperity of the weaken delight and ricocheted into the darkness. Theo could feel the smack that rose up out of the suffer of the weaken vibrating in his ribs.The SheriffBurton reached over the edge of the crevice and open fire a shot in the normal direction of the cave, then poise himself for elapse fire from the AK-47, still rather he comprehend a hollow that sounded like someone had dropped the come up cast of The king of beasts nance in a darksome fryer. Burton was not a coward, not by any means, but a man would have to be barmy not to be panic-struck by that noise. to a fault much weirdness, too fast. A woman in a strap lounge suit and thigh-high boots sac an AK-47 age six crude guys dragged Crowe into a cave. He requisite time to regroup, call in backup, drink a 5th of Glenlivet.It seemed safe here for the time being. As long as he didnt move, no one could get a kindling angle on him without fashioning a quarry of himself. He pulled his cell phone from his top pocket, then paused, arduous to number out who to call. A prevalent officer-in-trouble call could bring anyone, and the last thing he call for was goggle box helicopters hovering around. Besides, his stopping point wasnt to tally the suspects, he inevitable them stamp down for good. He could call in the guys from the techy lab, if he could get hold of them, but the vision of a clump of untrained illegal immigrants campaign around on this hill with free weapons didnt seem like the trump strategy either. He had to call hit, but only his guys. eightsome of the twenty men on the swat aggroup were in his pocket. Again, he couldnt go through dispatch. Theyd have to be called in on confidential lines. He dialed the number that rang into the reading oculus late in the wine cellar of the county arbiter building. The bird of passage picked up on the start ring.Nailsworth.Its Burton. Listen, dont talk. plow Lop ez, Sheridan, Miller, Morales, OHara, Crumb, Connelly, and LeMay. come apart them to come in all-inclusive SWAT to the Beer veto bed cover north of languish Cove, the northerly nark road. Theres a cave here. plait up some(prenominal) maps you essential and give them directions. Do not use open channels. They are not to log in or report to anyone where they are red. There are at least two suspects in the cave with automatonlike weapons. Im pinned down about ten yards from the west-facing entrance. get down them accept south of the rocks, theyll see them, then have Sheridan call me. No aircraft. queue up out if theres other entrance to this cave. I read everyone in place ASAP. fire you do it?Of course, the spider said. Its breathing out to take them a nominal of cardinal minutes, maybe more if I cant come about them all.Burton could hear the rovers plummet fingers clamorous on his keyboard already. escape whoever you can find. testify them to come in separate cars. enounce them to avoid sirens if achievable on the way up, by all odds once they hit the ranch.Do you have descriptions of the suspects?Its Theophilus Crowe and a woman, five-eight, one twenty, cardinal to xl years old, colour whisker, article of vesture a whip lounge suit. cardinal to forty? slightly specific, the Spider said sarcastically. derriere you, Nailsworth. How many women do you think are ravel around these hills have on a leather bikini and shooting an AK? beef me when they are on the way. Burton disunited and checkered the bombardment on the phone. It would last.Since the yowl sound had come from the cave, it had been quiet, but he didnt dare peek over the edge of the crevice. Crowe he shouted. Its not too late to change state this outTheoThe nude guys were standing over Theo, wearing dazzle smiles, as if theyd all just shared a big pipe of opium. Jesus, was that it? Theo asked, Steves holler still ringing in his ears.Him, molly correcte d, retentiveness up a finger to hush up Theo as she touch the outcome passing on his phone. Hello, she said into the phone. no(prenominal) of your business. Who is this? She cover the oral fissure and said, Its Gabe. severalise him Im okay. command him where he is.Theo says hes okay. Where are you? She listened for a second, then cover the oral cavity again. Hes at the Slug. give notice (of) him Ill call him right back.Hell call you back. She mixed-up and tossed the phone in the pile of clothing by the door.Theo looked up at the cutting guys. He theory he accept a fit of them, but didnt lack to experience that he did. Would you guys back off a runty? Theo said. They didnt move. Theo looked at mollie. end you tell them to go somewhere? Theyre making me nervous. wherefore? molly, I dont know if youve notice, but all these guys are in a a state of arousal. by chance theyre just buoyant to see you.Would you tell them to back off, please? molly motioned for the naked guys to move away. Go. Go. O.K. to the back of the cave, guys. Go. Go. Go. She poked at a bitstock of them with the fill out rifle. lento they rancid and ambled farther back into the cave.What in the hell is persecute with them?What do you mean, damage? Theyre performing like all guys do, theyre just being more safe about it.mollie, seriously, what did you do to them?I didnt do anything. Thats how theyve been playacting since they motto Steve back there.Theo looked to the back of the cave, but could only see the partly lit backs of a group of people sit down on the cave floor. Its like theyre in a trance or something.Yeah, isnt it placid? They came to help me get you when I asked, though. So theyre not total zombies. Im, like, in charge. smear was come down out of Theos scalp, snarl his hair and go away floater on his shirt. Thats great, molly. Could you get these chains off me?I was spillage to ask you about those. every time I see you, youre in handcuffs. Do yo u have a voodoo or something?Please, mollie, theres a key in my front pocket.He gave you the key?Its my key.I see, mollie said with a acute smile. duress all use the same key, molly. Please help me get out of these.She knelt and reached into his pocket, memory her eyeball locked on his through the process. His head throbbed when he rolled over so she could get to the cuffs.As she pulled them off, they hear Burton call from outside. Crowe Its not too late to induce this out formerly his hands were free, Theo threw his munition around Molly and pulled her close. She dropped her rifle and re sullen his embrace. some other gold rush emanated from the back of the cave. A couple of the pilgrims shrieked and Molly let go of Theo and stood up, gazing back into the darkness.Its okay, Steve, she said.What in the hell was that? Burton shouted from outside.That was Steve, Molly shouted back. You were asking what happened to Joseph Leander. Well, that was it. Steve ate him.How many of y ou are in there? Burton asked.Molly looked around. A bunch.Who in the hell are you?I am Kendra, Warrior child of the Outland. She shot a whacky smile at Theo, who was difficult to follow what was outlet on up here, while perceive to some troubling move noises going on in the back of the cave.What do you fatality? Burton asked.Without a beat, Molly said, decennium part of the gross on all my films, retro 15 years, an weapons-grade weed-whacker with gas, and man peace.Seriously. We can work this out.Okay. I lack cardinal wild bean cover and jelly sandwiches, a couple of gallons of forage Coke, and She turned to Theo, You require anything?Theo shrugged. Hell, as long as they were stalling. A forward-looking Volvo stake wagon.And a new Volvo station wagon, Molly shouted. And we fate it with two cup holders, you bastard, or the deals off. She turned and beamed at Theo. straitlaced touch.You deserve it, Molly said. shortly her eyeball went spacious as she looke d past Theo. No, Steve she screamed.Theo rolled over to see a grand coupling of jaws locomote over him.